So you’re looking for the ultimate guide to survival knives, huh? Well, look no further because we’ve got you covered. In this comprehensive article, we’ll explore everything you need to know about survival knives and their various uses. From choosing the right type of blade to understanding essential features, we’ll equip you with the knowledge to make an informed decision when it comes to selecting the perfect survival knife for your outdoor adventures. So, whether you’re a seasoned survivalist or a newbie in the world of wilderness exploration, get ready to unlock the secrets of survival knives and discover just how indispensable they can be in critical situations.
Types of Survival Knives
When it comes to survival knives, there are several different types to choose from, each with its own unique features and purposes. Let’s take a closer look at the five main types of survival knives.
Fixed Blade Knives
Fixed blade knives are the most traditional and commonly used type of survival knife. As the name suggests, the blade is permanently fixed to the handle, providing strength and durability. Fixed blade knives are typically larger and more robust, making them ideal for heavy-duty tasks such as chopping wood, batoning, and building shelters. They are also easier to clean and maintain compared to folding knives.
Folding Knives
Folding knives, also known as pocket knives, are compact and conveniently foldable, making them perfect for everyday carry and emergency situations. These knives have a hinge that allows the blade to fold into the handle, reducing the overall size and providing a safer storage option. Folding knives are versatile and can be used for various tasks, including cutting ropes, preparing food, and opening packages. However, they are not as sturdy as fixed blade knives and may not be suitable for heavy-duty tasks.
Multi-Tool Knives
Multi-tool knives are a combination of a knife and multiple other tools, such as pliers, screwdrivers, and can openers. These versatile tools are designed to be multi-purpose, making them an excellent choice for survival situations where you may need to tackle a wide range of tasks. Multi-tool knives are compact and easy to carry, providing a convenient all-in-one solution.
Neck Knives
Neck knives are small, lightweight knives that are worn around the neck on a cord or chain. These knives are discreet, easily accessible, and can be quickly deployed when needed. Neck knives are typically used as backup or secondary knives and are ideal for situations where you may need a compact cutting tool that is always within reach.
Tactical Knives
Tactical knives are specifically designed for self-defense and combat situations. They often feature a robust and aggressive design, with features such as serrated edges, tanto points, and finger grooves for a secure grip. While tactical knives can be versatile and useful in survival situations, their primary purpose is for defense and should be used with caution and proper training.
Features to Consider
When selecting a survival knife, there are several important features to consider. These features will determine the knife’s performance, durability, and suitability for specific tasks. Let’s delve deeper into each feature.
Blade Material
The blade material is crucial as it affects the knife’s strength, edge retention, and corrosion resistance. Common blade materials include stainless steel, carbon steel, titanium, and ceramic. Stainless steel is highly resistant to corrosion and requires less maintenance, while carbon steel offers excellent edge retention but requires more care. Titanium is lightweight and durable, while ceramic blades are exceptionally sharp but more brittle.
Blade Length
The blade length of a survival knife can vary, and the choice depends on personal preference and intended use. Longer blades are better for heavy-duty tasks like chopping and batoning, while shorter blades provide more control for intricate tasks and are easier to carry.
Blade Shape
Different blade shapes offer different advantages. The drop point is versatile and widely used, with a strong and controllable tip. The clip point has a sharper and more delicate tip, ideal for piercing and detail work. The tanto point features a strong, reinforced tip for puncturing tough materials, and the serrated edge offers enhanced cutting performance for tasks like cutting through rope or branches.
Handle Material
The handle material affects grip, comfort, and durability. Common handle materials include wood, rubber, G10, Micarta, and TPE. Wood handles offer a classic and natural feel but may require more maintenance. Rubber handles provide a secure grip even in wet conditions. G10, Micarta, and TPE are synthetic materials that offer excellent durability and grip.
Weight
The weight of a survival knife can significantly impact its usability. Lighter knives are easier to carry and maneuver but may sacrifice some durability. Heavier knives can handle more demanding tasks but may be less comfortable for prolonged use.
Blade Types
Survival knives can come with different types of blades, each with its own advantages and uses. Let’s explore the most common blade types found in survival knives.
Drop Point
The drop point blade is one of the most versatile and widely used blade shapes. It features a convex curve on the spine that leads to a lowered tip, making it suitable for a variety of tasks, including slicing, chopping, and skinning. The drop point blade offers good control and is less likely to accidentally puncture or damage the material being cut.
Clip Point
The clip point blade has a concave cut-out on the top, creating a thin, sharp tip. This blade shape excels at piercing and detail work, making it ideal for tasks that require precision, such as crafting or carving. However, the tip of the clip point blade is relatively delicate and may be prone to breaking if subjected to excessive force.
Tanto Point
The tanto point blade originated from Japanese swords and features a chisel-like tip. The straight edge makes it highly durable and suitable for heavy-duty tasks that require piercing and cutting through tough materials. The tanto point blade is commonly found in tactical knives.
Serrated Edge
A serrated edge consists of a row of small, jagged teeth along the blade. This blade type is excellent for tasks that require sawing or cutting through fibrous materials like rope or branches. The serrations provide increased cutting performance, even with minimal force applied.
Straight Edge
A straight edge, also known as a plain edge, has a smooth and continuous cutting edge. This blade type is versatile and can be used for a wide range of tasks, including slicing, chopping, and carving. It allows for precise control and is easier to sharpen compared to serrated edges.
Blade Material
The material used for the blade of a survival knife is crucial and can significantly impact its performance. Let’s explore the most common blade materials and their properties.
Stainless Steel
Stainless steel is a popular choice for survival knife blades due to its excellent corrosion resistance and ease of maintenance. Stainless steel blades require minimal care and can withstand exposure to moisture without rusting or tarnishing. They are also generally more affordable compared to other blade materials. However, stainless steel blades may not hold an edge as well as some other materials.
Carbon Steel
Carbon steel blades are known for their exceptional edge retention and ability to maintain a sharp edge for a long time. They are also relatively easy to sharpen. However, carbon steel blades are more susceptible to rust and corrosion and require regular maintenance to keep them in optimal condition. Carbon steel blades also tend to be more expensive compared to stainless steel.
Titanium
Titanium blades offer a combination of lightweight design and excellent strength. They are highly resistant to corrosion and are less likely to break or chip compared to other materials. Titanium blades are favored by those who prioritize weight reduction and durability. However, they can be more expensive than stainless steel or carbon steel blades.
Ceramic
Ceramic blades are incredibly sharp and retain their edge remarkably well. They are also lightweight and highly resistant to corrosion. However, ceramic blades are more brittle compared to steel blades and can chip or break if subjected to excessive force or lateral stress. They also require special sharpening tools, as conventional sharpening methods are not suitable for ceramic blades.
Handle Materials
The handle material of a survival knife is essential for providing a comfortable and secure grip. Let’s explore some common handle materials and their properties.
Wood
Wood handles offer a classic and natural aesthetic and are often favored for their warmth and comfort. They provide a solid grip and can be durable if properly maintained. However, wood handles require regular care, such as oiling or waxing, to prevent cracking, swelling, or warping. They may also be more susceptible to damage from exposure to moisture or extreme conditions.
Rubber
Rubber handles provide excellent grip and shock absorption, making them ideal for use in wet or slippery conditions. They offer a comfortable and secure hold, even when the handle is wet or your hands are sweaty. Rubber handles are also easy to clean and maintain. However, they may not provide the same aesthetics or traditional feel as other handle materials.
G10
G10 is a synthetic material made from layers of fiberglass soaked in resin and then compressed and baked under high pressure. It is highly durable, lightweight, and resistant to moisture and temperature variations. G10 handles offer excellent grip, even in wet conditions, and are generally unaffected by exposure to oils or solvents. They are also easy to clean and maintain.
Micarta
Micarta is another synthetic material made from layers of fabric, such as linen or paper, impregnated with resin. It is durable, lightweight, and offers excellent grip, even when wet. Micarta handles are resistant to moisture and temperature variations, making them suitable for rugged outdoor environments. However, they may require occasional cleaning and maintenance to keep them in optimal condition.
TPE
Thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) handles are known for their comfort and durability. TPE is a synthetic rubber-like material that offers a secure grip and absorbs shock well. TPE handles are resistant to various chemicals, temperature variations, and UV exposure. They are also lightweight and easy to clean.
Important Knife Features
When selecting a survival knife, there are several essential features to consider that can greatly enhance its functionality and usability. Let’s explore these features in more detail.
Full Tang
A full tang refers to a knife that has a solid piece of metal running the entire length of the handle. This design provides strength and durability, ensuring that the blade and handle won’t separate or break during heavy use. Full tang knives are more reliable and better suited for heavy-duty tasks compared to partial tang knives.
Sharp Spine
Having a sharp spine on a survival knife is essential for various tasks. A sharp spine allows you to strike a ferrocerium rod or another hard material to create sparks for fire-making. It can also be useful for scraping or carving tasks where a sharp edge is needed. A knife with a sharp spine adds versatility to your toolset.
Finger Choil
A finger choil is a groove or indentation where the blade meets the handle, providing a secure resting place for your index finger. This feature allows for better control and a more comfortable grip, especially during detailed or precision work. A finger choil also helps prevent your hand from sliding forward onto the blade and potentially causing injury.
Jimping
Jimping refers to notches or grooves on the spine or finger guard of a knife. These notches provide extra grip and traction, offering improved control during tasks that require a secure hold. Jimping can be especially useful when applying downward pressure or performing delicate cutting tasks that require precise control.
Lanyard Hole
A lanyard hole is a small hole or opening in the handle of a knife that allows you to attach a lanyard or cord. Attaching a lanyard to your knife can provide added security, as it helps prevent accidental drops and loss of the knife. It also allows for easier retrieval and can be used to secure the knife to your gear or body for quick access.
Knife Maintenance
Proper maintenance is essential to keep your survival knife in top condition and ensure its longevity. Let’s go over some important maintenance practices for your knife.
Cleaning and Drying
After each use, it’s essential to clean your knife thoroughly to remove any dirt, debris, or moisture. Use a mild soap and warm water to clean the blade and the handle, using a soft brush or cloth to gently scrub away any residue. Rinse the knife thoroughly and dry it completely before storing to prevent rust or corrosion.
Sharpening
Maintaining a sharp edge is crucial for your survival knife’s cutting performance. Regularly check the sharpness of your knife and sharpen it as needed using a sharpening stone, honing rod, or sharpening system. Follow proper sharpening techniques, such as maintaining a consistent angle and using even pressure, to achieve the best results.
Oil and Lubrication
To prevent rust and ensure smooth operation, it’s recommended to apply a thin layer of lubricant or oil to the blade and moving parts of your knife. Use a rust-preventive oil or a food-safe lubricant, applying it sparingly to avoid excessive buildup. Regularly inspect your knife for signs of rust or corrosion, especially if it has been exposed to moisture or harsh conditions.
Storage
Proper storage is essential to protect your knife and prevent accidents. When not in use, store your knife in a sheath, knife roll, or protective case to prevent accidental cuts or damage. Avoid storing your knife in humid or damp environments, as moisture can promote rust and corrosion. Consider storing your knife in a dry, temperature-controlled area to maintain its optimal condition.
Knife Safety
Safety is of utmost importance when handling a survival knife. Here are some important safety considerations to keep in mind.
Proper Grip
Ensure you have a secure and firm grip on the knife, keeping your fingers away from the blade’s cutting edge. Practice a grip that feels comfortable and provides maximum control for the task at hand. Avoid holding the knife by the blade or using excessive force, as it may lead to slips or injuries.
Knife Techniques
Learn and practice proper knife handling techniques to minimize the risk of accidents. This includes holding the knife with your fingers away from the blade, using controlled movements, and keeping a safe distance from your body and others. Familiarize yourself with different cutting techniques, such as slicing, rocking, and chopping, and practice them in a controlled and safe manner.
Safe Handling
Always treat your survival knife with respect and caution. Avoid using the knife for tasks beyond its intended purpose or capabilities. Never play or engage in any risky behaviors with a knife, as accidents can happen within seconds. Always sheath or store the knife when not in use, and never leave it unattended in areas where it may cause harm or injury.
Sheath Usage
When carrying your survival knife, it’s crucial to use a sheath or protective cover to prevent accidental cuts or injuries. Make sure the sheath securely holds the knife and provides a safe and accessible means of carrying. Choose a sheath that is durable and designed for the specific size and shape of your knife. Practice safe and deliberate sheathing and unsheathing techniques to avoid mishaps.
Choosing the Right Knife for Your Needs
Selecting the right survival knife for your needs depends on the intended purpose and specific requirements. Here are some common scenarios where different types of survival knives excel.
Camping and Hiking
When camping or hiking, a versatile and all-purpose survival knife is a valuable tool. Look for a fixed blade or folding knife with a medium-length blade and a comfortable handle. It should be capable of performing various tasks, such as cutting ropes, preparing food, and performing light to moderate chopping. Consider a folding knife for its compactness and ease of carry during outdoor adventures.
Bushcraft and Survival
For bushcraft and survival purposes, a robust and heavy-duty fixed blade knife is essential. Look for a sturdy full tang knife with a longer blade length, preferably with a drop point or clip point blade shape. This type of knife can handle rigorous tasks such as chopping firewood, batoning, building shelters, and processing game. A knife with a sharp spine and jimping can also be advantageous for fire starting and finer tasks.
Military and Tactical
In military and tactical situations, a reliable and durable knife is critical for self-defense, utility, and survival. Look for a tactical knife with a tanto point blade and serrated edge for penetrating tough materials and cutting through ropes or straps. Consider a knife with a robust handle material like G10 or micarta, offering a secure grip even in wet or slippery conditions. Choose a knife with a lanyard hole for easy retrieval and attachment to your gear.
Hunting and Fishing
When hunting or fishing, a knife with specialized features can prove invaluable. Look for a folding or fixed blade knife with a drop point or clip point blade shape, suitable for field dressing, skinning, and cleaning game. A knife with a gut hook can make field dressing more manageable, while one with a serrated edge can handle cutting through tough fish scales or ropes. The handle material should provide a secure grip even when wet or covered in blood.
Conclusion
Choosing the right survival knife is essential for your outdoor adventures and emergency preparedness. Consider the type of knife, blade material, blade type, handle material, weight, and other important features when making your decision. Take into account your specific needs, intended use, and the environments you are likely to encounter. By selecting a high-quality and reliable survival knife, you can enhance your effectiveness and ensure your readiness in any situation. Remember to always prioritize safety and proper maintenance to keep your knife in optimal condition for years to come.